![]() Ideally the correction should be part of the pipeline with which all HIFI observations have to be processed. To exclude the lines we use a robustly weighted variety of the (gaussian) likelihood. Both the true lines and continuum should be unaffected by the procedure. This has to be done in the possible presence of spectral lines and of a true astronomical continuuum. To correct a spectrum taken on an astronomical source, we select the template from the catalog that fits with the highest Bayesian evidence and subtract it. The resulting set of models is our catalog of possible ESW templates. ![]() To find representative members of the families we modelled them as splines and chose one representative template model for each family based on Bayesian evidence. All ESWs seem to belong to a limited number of multiplicative families. empty sky that contain only the ESW contribution. We have built a catalog of thousands of spectra taken on. ESWs change so rapidly that the standard ways to mitigate them, do not work. They distort the spectra and should be removed. ESWs consist of about 10 irregular ripples added to a continuum contribution. Electric Standing Waves (ESW) appear in some frequency bands of HIFI, a heterodyne spectrometer aboard the Herschel Space Observatory.
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